An Answer Page for Exercise 17

Exercise 17

If a point is established on the come out roll, then on average,
how many additional rolls of the dice will be needed for the
shooter's line bet to be resolved ?

  suggestion: Split into 3 cases; and, for each case, find the probability that
consecutive rolls of the dice will never yield the point or a 7.
 



Case 1   The shooter's point is 4 or 10

To be specific, let's assume that the shooter's point is 4.

Suppose the shooter needs to roll the dice N additional times after the come out roll
before his line bet is decided.

If a roll of the dice resolves the line bet, we will say that the roll was a "success";
otherwise, we will call the roll a "failure".

In this particular case, success means rolling 4 or 7, and failure means rolling anything else.

We can easily compute the probability of getting N consecutive failures.

On each roll we have:
P( failure )   =   1   -   [ P(4) + P(7) ]   =   1   -   [ (3/36) + (6/36) ]   =   3 / 4

Since the dice rolls are independent events, the probability of not getting a 4 or a 7 in two consecutive rolls is ( 3 / 4 )2 .   The probability for three consecutive failures is ( 3 / 4 )3 , etc.

Let's make a table showing the probability for never getting a 4 or a 7 in N consecutive rolls of the dice.

N consecutive failures when the point is 4
Rolls 1 thru N Probability of not getting   4 or 7   in N consecutive rolls
N = 1 0.751   =   0.7500
N = 2 0.752   =   0.5625
N = 3 0.753     0.4219
N = 4 0.754     0.3164
N = 5 0.755     0.2373

Scan down the 2nd column of the above table, and notice that there is a better than 50-50 chance that we will not get a 4 or 7 during the first two rolls. But by the 3rd roll this turns around. The probability of 3 consecutive failures is less than one half ( only 42.19% ).

Since   1 - 0.4219   =   0.5781,   there is a 57.81% chance that we will not get 3 consecutive failures.

So, when the shooter's point is 4 or 10,   there is a 57.8% probability that at most 3 rolls will be needed to decide the outcome of his line bet.

Case 2   The shooter's point is 5 or 9

To be specific, let's assume that the shooter's point is 5.

The probability of not getting a 5 or a 7 in any roll is
1 - [ P(5) + P(7) ] = 1 - [ (4/36) + (6/36) ] = 26 / 36     0.7222.

N consecutive failures when the point is 5
Rolls 1 thru N Probability of not getting   5 or 7   in N consecutive rolls
N = 1 0.72221   =   0.7222
N = 2 0.72222     0.5216
N = 3 0.72223     0.3767
N = 4 0.72224     2721

In the 2nd column of the table the first entry less than one half occurs at N = 3. So it is unlikely to get 3 consecutive failures.

Since   1 - 0.3767   =   0.6233,   there is a 62.3% chance that a 5 or 7 will occur within the first 3 rolls after the shooter has established a point of 5.

So, when the point is 5 or 9,   there is a 62.3% probability that 3 or fewer rolls will be needed to decide the outcome of the shooter's line bet.

Case 3   The shooter's point is 6 or 8

To be specific, let's assume that the shooter's point is 6.

The probability of not getting a 6 or a 7 in any roll is
1 - [ P(6) + P(7) ] = 1 - [ (5/36) + (6/36) ] = 25 / 36     0.6944.

N consecutive failures when the point is 6
Rolls 1 thru N Probability of not getting   6 or 7   in N consecutive rolls
N = 1 0.69441   =   0.6944
N = 2 0.69442     0.4823
N = 3 0.69443     0.3349
N = 4 0.69444     0.2326

Since   1 - 0.4823   =   0.5177,   there is a 51.8% chance that we will not have 2 consecutive failures.

There is a 51.8% chance that a 6 or 7 will occur within the first 2 rolls after the shooter has established a point of 6 ( or 8 ).

In other words, when the point is 6 or 8,   there is a 51.8% probability that 2 or fewer additional rolls after the comeout will be needed to decide the outcome of the shooter's line bet.

Summary:

  point is 4 or 10   usually [ about 58% of the time ]   need no more than 3 additional rolls
  point is 5 or 9   usually [ about 62% of the time ]   need no more than 3 additional rolls
  point is 6 or 8   usually [ about 52% of the time ]   need no more than 2 additional rolls